Polypyrrole modified hierarchical porous CoS2@RGO aerogel electrode for ultrafast sodium storage

Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry - CoS2 nanooctahedrons homogeneously encapsulated by hierarchical porous-reduced graphene oxide and polypyrrole thin film are constructed via a simple...     

Electrochemical characteristics of the dynamic progression of erosion-corrosion under different flow conditions and their effects on corrosion rate calculation

Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry - The erosion-corrosion performance of X65 carbon steel at different flow conditions was electrochemically studied. Results show that the anodic polarization...     

Pharmacokinetic study of tanshinol and ligustrazine in rat plasma after intravenous administration of tanshinol and Danshen Chuanxiongqin Injection

To investigate the effect of ligustrazine on the pharmacokinetic profile of tanshinol after intravenous administration in rats, a sensitive liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and validated for quantitative determination of tanshinol and ligustrazine in rat plasma. After prepared by protein precipitation, the analytes were separated on a Waters Acquity HSS T3 column (100 × 2.1 mm, 1.8μm) and eluted by 0.1% formic acid in water and acetonitrile at a flow rate of 0.4 ml/min. The precursor–product ion transitions were m/z 197.0 → 135.0 for tanshinol, m/z 417.1 → 255.1 for liquiritin (internal standard) in negative ion mode and m/z 137.1 → 55.0 for ligustrazine in positive ion mode. To avoid the interference of tanshinol metabolite transformation, the stability of analytes in samples collected after administration was assessed. The validated method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study after intravenous administration of single tanshinol and Danshen Chuanxiongqin Injection. After Danshen Chuanxiongqin injection administration, the values of elimination half-time, area under the concentration–time curve and C_o were 0.36 ± 0.13 h, 1.29 ± 0.37 μg/ml h and 10.51 ± 2.58 μg/ml for male rats, respectively. In the single tanshinol group, the corresponding values were 0.56 ± 0.24 h, 1.85 ± 0.44 μg/ml h and 14.11 ± 2.26 μg/ml for male rats—30–40% higher than those for the Danshen Chuanxiongqin Injection group. There was a significant different between male and female rats. This study provided information on the influence of ligustrazine on the pharmacokinetic characteristics of tanshinol after intravenous administration of Danshen Chuanxiongqin Injection in rats, which will be helpful for its clinical application.     

13C chemical shift tensors in MOF α-Mg3(HCOO)6: Which component is more sensitive to host-guest interaction?

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are a class of important porous materials with many current and potential applications. Their applications almost always involve the interaction between host framework and guest species. Therefore, understanding of host–guest interaction in MOF systems is fundamentally important. Solid-state NMR spectroscopy is an excellent technique for investigating host–guest interaction as it provides information complementary to that obtained from X-ray diffraction. In this work, using MOF α-Mg₃(HCOO)₆ as an example, we demonstrated that ¹³C chemical shift tensor of organic linker can be utilized to probe the host–guest interaction in MOFs. Obtaining ¹³C chemical shift tensor components (δ₁₁, δ₂₂, and δ₃₃, where δ₁₁ ≥ δ₂₂ ≥ δ₃₃) in this MOF is particularly challenging as there are six coordinatively equivalent but crystallographically non-equivalent carbons in the unit cell with very similar local coordination environment. Two-dimensional magic-angle-turning experiments were employed to measure the ¹³C chemical shift tensors of each individual crystallographically non-equivalent carbon in three microporous α-Mg₃(HCOO)₆ samples with different guest species. The results indicate that the δ₂₂ component (with its direction approximately being co-planar with the formate anion and perpendicular to the C−H bond) is more sensitive to the adsorbate molecules inside the MOF channel due to the weak C−H···O hydrogen bonding or the ring current effect of benzene. The ¹³C isotropic chemical shift, on the other hand, seems much less sensitive to the subtle changes in the local environment around formate linker induced by adsorption. The approach described in this study may be used in future studies on host–guest interaction within MOFs.     

Unlocking the Drug Potential of the Bryostatin Family: Recent Advances in Product Synthesis and Biomedical Applications

Bryostatins are a class of naturally occurring macrocyclic lactones with a unique fast developing portfolio of clinical applications, including treatment of AIDS, Alzheimer's disease, and cancer. This comprehensive account summarizes the recent progress (2014–present) in the development of bryostatins, including their total synthesis and biomedical applications. An emphasis is placed on the discussion of bryostatin 1 , the most-studied analogue to date. This review highlights the synthetic and biological challenges of bryostatins and provides an outlook on their future development.     

TiC-MgO composite: an X-ray transparent and machinable heating element in a multi-anvil high pressure apparatus

ABSTRACT

TiC-MgO composite was developed as a heating element for X-ray study in the multi-anvil high pressure apparatus. We synthesized TiC-MgO blocks (50–70 wt.% of TiC) by compression in a cold isostatic press followed by baking in a gas flow furnace. Heaters of tubular shape were manufactured from the synthesized blocks either by lathe or numerically controlled milling machine. The so-produced heating elements have been proved to generate temperatures up to 2250?K at 10?GPa, condition where classical graphite heaters are not suitable anymore due to graphite-diamond transition. These new heaters have been successfully used for in situ X-ray radiography and diffraction measurements on liquid Fe alloys, exploiting excellent X-ray transparency.     

Dynamics of scalar fields in an expanding/contracting cosmos at finite temperature

This study extends the investigation of quantum dissipative effects of a cosmological scalar field by taking into account cosmic expansion and contraction.Cheung,Drewes,Kang,and Kim calculated the effective action and quantum dissipative effects of a cosmological scalar field in a recent work,where analytical expressions for the effective potential and damping coefficient were presented using a simple scalar model with quartic interactions,and the work was conducted using Minkowski-space propagators in loop diagrams.In this work,we incorporate the Hubble expansion and contraction of the cosmic background and focus on the thermal dynamics of a scalar field in a regime where the effective potential changes slowly.Given that the Hubble parameter,H,attains a small but non-zero value,we carry out calculations to the first order in H.If we set H=0,all results match those in flat spacetime.Interestingly,we must integrate over the resonances,which in turn leads to an amplification of the effects of a non-zero H.This is an intriguing phenomenon,which cannot be uncovered in flat spacetime.The implications on particle creations in the early universe will be studied in a forthcoming study.     

Fast Liquid Phase Epitaxial Growth for Perovskite Single Crystals

Semiconductors grown by the solution-processed method have shown low-cost,facile fabrication process and comparable performance.However,there are many reasons why it is difficult to achieve high quality films.For example,lattice constant mismatch is one of the problems when photovoltaic devices made of organ metallic perovskites.In this work,MAPbBr^{MA=CH3NH3^+}perovskites single crystals grown on the surface of MAPbBr2.5 CI0.5 perovskites single crystals via liquid epitaxial growth method is demonstrated.It is found that when the lattice constants of the two perovskite single crystals are matched,another crystal can be grown on the surface of one crystal by epitaxial growth.The whole epitaxy growth process does not require high heating temperature and long heating time.X-ray diffraction method is used to prove the lattice plane of the substrate and the epitaxial grown layer.A scanning electron microscope is used to measure the thickness of the epitaxial layer.Compared with perovskite-based photodetectors without epitaxial growth layer,perovskite-based photodetectors with epitaxial growth layer have lower dark current density and higher optical responsibility.     

基于具身认知理论下的物理电学综合实践课的开展——以苏科版九年级上册电学综合实践活动为例

具身认知是一种新兴的认知方式,其强调身体对学习者的认知有重要影响,通过身体与环境的交互作用,有利于学生认知的形成,有利用学生核心素养的提升,具身认知的特点对初中物理课堂教学具有重要的启示作用.本文根据具身认知理论设计了一节电学综合实践活动课,希望抛砖引玉有助于变革教师课堂教学方式,提升学生身体认知在课堂教学中的地位,切实培养学生的核心素养.     

利用电磁法研究HMX与TATB混合钝感炸药的冲击起爆特性

为研究含有少量奥克托金(HMX)且以三氨基三硝基苯(TATB)为基的高能钝感炸药PBX-3的冲击起爆反应增长规律,采用火炮驱动蓝宝石飞片的方法和铝基组合式电磁粒子速度计技术进行了一维平面冲击实验。通过实验测量撞击表面及内部不同深度处的冲击波后粒子速度,得到PBX-3炸药的Hugoniot关系。根据冲击波示踪器所测数据绘制了炸药到爆轰的时间-距离(x-t)图,获得了反映炸药冲击起爆性能的Pop关系。将入射压力为12.964 GPa时达到爆轰的6条速度曲线修整成相同零点,通过读取6条曲线的分离点即反应区末端的C-J点,计算出化学反应区时间和宽度。